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Journal of Service Research
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How Embarrassing! An Exploratory Study of Critical Incidents Including Affective Reactions

Debra Grace

Griffith University

Using Critical Incident Technique, data are collected from 166 respondents who related incidents involving embarrassment experienced over a total of 44 different service environments. In applying a functional analysis, a number of embarrassment antecedents in the form of sources (e.g., customer, service provider, others present) and stimuli (e.g., criticism, awkward acts, image appropriateness, forgetfulness/lack of knowledge/error, environment/surroundings, and violations of privacy) are identified. Embarrassment was found to be manifested by emotional, physiological, and behavioral reactions, and its long-term consequences include both positive and negative behavioral intentions and word-of-mouth communications. The Functional Analysis of Consumer Embarrassment provides an informative framework to enhance our understanding of affective reactions in service encounters and provides a solid foundation for future research.

Key Words: service encounter • affective reactions • embarrassment • emotions • consumption • services

Journal of Service Research, Vol. 9, No. 3, 271-284 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/109467050700900305


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